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shall

https://www.yuque.com/qinsjs/en/sibw9wudthsypm4x

1、用于征询他人的意见

Shall I get a chair for you?
要不要我给你拿一把椅子?
What shall we do tonight?
我们今晚干什么呢?

2、用于陈述句,“允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定”

You shall suffer for this.
你会因此吃苦头的。(表威胁)
That day shall come.
那一天终将会来。(表必然性)
Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.
告诉他明天我会把这本书给他。(表允诺)
People under 18 shall not be employed in night work.
不满18岁的人不得从事夜间工作。(表规定)
I shall return. 我一定会回来。(表决心)