by
- 表示“在……旁边,从……旁边”,
- Come over here and stand by me.(过来站在我旁边。)
- He put it on the table by the window.(他把它放在窗边的那张桌子上。)
- 到(某时候)
- Perhaps she has recovered by now.(现在她或许已经痊愈了。)
- Just be here by eight.(八点前到这里。)
- 由(被)(某人干的),主要用于被动语态,
- The postman was bitten by the dog.(邮差给狗咬了。)
- The play was written by a student.(这个剧本是一个学生写的。)
- 以(某种方式)
- We learn to swim by swimming.(我们在游泳中学游泳。)
- Please let me know by telegram.(请以电报通知我。)
- Don’t judge a man by his clothes.(不要以衣着判断人。)
- 乘坐(车、船等)
- I came by bus(subway).(我是坐公共汽车(地铁)来的。)
- We are going by the 9:30 train.(我们坐九点二十的火车去。)
- I prefer to go by plane(boat).(我宁愿坐飞机(船)去。)
- 在(本性、职业)上
- She is generous by nature.(她天生很慷慨。)
- He was tolerant by temperament.(他性格很宽容。)
- I am not an actor by profession.(我不是职业演员。)
- 表示程度、尺寸等,
- Total commodity stocks grew by 4.5 per cent.(商品总库存量增长了百分之四点五。)
- The room is thirty feet by twenty.(这间房长二十英尺,宽二十英尺。)
- 表示根据、按照
- What time is it by your watch?(你的表几点了?)
- 用于被动句中,表示行为主体,常译作“被”“由”等。
- These trees were planted by us last year.(这些树是我们去年栽的。)
- 表示逐个、逐批的意思,
- Don't read one by one.(不要一个一个地读。)
- 和 take,hold 等动词连用,说明接触身体的某一部分
- I took him by the hand.(我拉住了他的手。)
- 表示经过、经由
- He kept walking and passed by me on his side of the street.(他一直在街对面走着,并与街这边的我交错而过。)
- 用于常见短语中
- by the way(顺便说一下)、by oneself(独自)、little by little(渐渐地)、step by step(逐步地)等。